Following the American Civil War Sesquicentennial with day by day writings of the time, currently 1863.

Wednesday, February 4, 2015

Camp near Petersburg, February 4th, 1865.

Once more I find myself in camp, ready to act my humble part in the closing scenes of this great drama. I arrived at my journey’s end last evening; found the regiment where and as I left it; the men in good health and spirits.

I had the good fortune to meet my comrade, Charles Groesbeck, at the depot in Jackson. Our journey to Baltimore was pleasant as circumstances would admit; no accident, which is itself an accident.

At Baltimore our annoyances began. The bay had been closed for nearly a week. My furlough expired that night. Thursday morning I went to the Quartermaster to see if a boat was likely to leave. I learned the mail boat was to make an effort at 3:30 p. m. We were not alone; hundreds of soldiers were there on the same errand; some had been waiting over a week. There was a rush for transportation, and we were forced to leave our furloughs until noon, when they would be returned to us with our transportation papers. Noon came, and with it our furloughs— minus the others. There was a fix. We would not be allowed on board without it; to obtain it that day would be impossible. At the wharf we found a Government shipping agent, whose duty it is to furnish transportation for troops when ordered by the Quartermaster. He informed us that a Government vessel was to leave for Fort Monroe at 3:30, and, transportation or not, he would see us on board, and then we could take the mail for City Point. The time came, but no Government vessel, and the mail was about to leave. The bell rings; again it sounds out a warning peal; in five minutes she is off. Already they are preparing to haul in the planks. A hundred men in blue appeared, maddened by the unnecessary delay; gather around, threateningly. The temptation was irresistible; a charge was made; the guards were swept aside; we are on board. Put us off who can. The effort was not made.

We made slow progress until past Annapolis, stopping often for the ice boat to clear the way. Below Annapolis the Bay was clear of ice, and we made excellent time, reaching Fort Monroe at 8 o’clock next morning. Here another attempt was made to find out who had transportation and who had not.

Five guards were placed at the gangway, with bayonets fixed, and orders to let only one man pass at a time, while an officer stood by to examine our papers. The attempt was vain; again the guards were brushed aside; we rush on shore; make a “straight wake” for the Provost’s office, had our furloughs stamped, rushed again to the Quartermaster, where we succeeded in procuring transportation to City Point. From this time all went smoothly until we reached the Point at 5:30 Friday evening. Here we had our furloughs restamped and boarded a freight train for the front.

I found my comrades all right, and our little house in as good condition as when I left.

The Ninth Corps is under marching orders, and are turning over mules, wagons, etc.

God knows what the future has in store, but the memory of those few days spent with my loved family will ever be cherished as among the happiest of my life.

February 4.—While getting ready to go back to the hospital, my father came in overjoyed, and told me that my work was over, and that we are to have peace at last. Lincoln has agreed to receive peace commissioners, and three of our ablest men, Vice-president Stevens, Judge Campbell, and Senator Hunter, have gone on the mission.

Many think the northerners are going to war with France, and expect us to assist them, but I know that none of our people will be mad enough to do that; indeed, I am certain that they will not. Let the northern people fight their own battles; we will be neutral.

All seem much pleased with the selection which has been made in our commissioners. I hope Stevens is satisfied now that he has gone on the mission for which he has so long wished.

Saturday, 4th—We remained in line of battle all night, not being allowed to build any fires. This morning we moved out about two miles nearer the upper bridge, the rebels having left the vicinity during the night. We remained here, fortifying the bridge. Our teams and batteries came across the bridge this morning. General Mower’s division lost several men here at the bridge yesterday morning about the time that we were crossing below.[1]


[1] There was a concerted move by the Union army all along the line. —Ed.

February 4 — Some more prisoners went out to-day for exchange; this time they were called in regular order and taken in turn as they were captured. But when the provost marshal stepped up on the wall this morning to commence the calling, he looked over the assembled crowd inside and remarked: “There are lots of good Rebels in there, and I hate to give you up.”

Buford’s Bridge, north side Salkehatchie River,

February 4, 1865.

Most unaccountably, to me, the Rebels evacuated an impregnable position (if there is such a thing), and our brigade was saved thereby from making some more history, for which I am grateful. A straight pike or causeway three quarters of a mile long and in which there are 24 bridges, was our only chance of crossing. They had strong embrasured works, but left an hour before our adance reached their fortifications. We got a lot of good horses and more good forage than I ever before saw brought in. I am sure that we have either a nice ham or shoulder for every two men in the regiment, and I think, more. A Company B boy got a good strong horse which he let me have. People here say that the Rebels have all gone to Branchville. Colonel Catterson told Sherman (he was in our camp some time to-night) that a negro reported that the Rebels had all gone to Branchville. “Pap” replied, “They can go to Branchville and be d____d.” We infer from that, that we don’t go there. He also said to Catterson, who was superintending the bridge building, “Build them strong, Catterson, build them strong; the whole army may have to pass over them, and the ‘Army of the Cumberland’ is a very heavy army, sir.” Besides the little slur on the 14th and 20th, that gave us an idea of the whereabouts of the left wing.

I just now heard what made the Rebels evacuate this. Mowers’ Division of the 17th formed line and marched across this stream and swamp eight miles below at River Bridge. They waded through three miles of water and then took the Rebel works with a loss to us of only 12 killed and 72 wounded. I think that beats anything I ever heard of in the show line. There was a town of 20 or 25 houses here, but we have used it up in building bridges.

February 4th.—Clear, but rained last night. From the South we learn that Sherman is marching on Branchville, and that Beauregard is at Augusta.

The great struggle will be in Virginia, south of Richmond, and both sides will gather up their forces for that event. We can probably get men enough, if we can feed them.

The City Council is having green “old field pine” wood brought in on the Fredericksburg railroad, to sell to citizens at $80 per cord—a speculation.

The Quartermaster’s Department is also bringing in large quantities of wood, costing the government about $40 per cord. Prior to the 1st inst., the Quartermaster’s Department commuted officer’s (themselves) allowance of wood at $130 per cord!

The President still suffers, but is said to be “better.”

Yesterday much of the day was consumed by Congress in displaying a new flag for the Confederacy—before the old one is worn out! Idiots!

I have just seen on file a characteristic letter from Major-Gen. Butler, of which this is a literal copy:

“Headquarters Dept. Va. And N. C,

“Army Of The James In The Field,

“Fortress Monroe, Oct. 9th, 1864.

“Hon. Robt. Ould—Sir:

“An attempt was made this morning by private Roucher, Co. B, 5th Penna. cavalry, to commit a rape upon the persons of Mrs. Minzer and Mrs. Anderson, living on the Darbytown Road.

“On the outrage being discovered, he broke through the picket line, and fled for your lines. Our soldiers chased him, but were unable to overtake him.

“I have therefore the honor to request that you will return him, that I may inflict the punishment which his dastardly offense merits. I cannot be responsible for the good conduct of my soldiers, if they are to find protection from punishment by entering your lines.

“I have the honor to be, your obt. servt.,

“(Signed)                      B.F. Butler,

“Major-Gen. Comd’g and Com. for Exchange.”

The ladies were Virginians.

I got my barrel (2 bags) flour to-day; 1 bushel meal, ½ bushel peas, ½ bushel potatoes ($50 per bushel); and feel pretty well. Major Maynard, Quartermaster, has promised a load of wood. Will these last until ——? I believe I would make a good commissary.