Following the American Civil War Sesquicentennial with day by day writings of the time, currently 1863.

Friday, February 27, 2015

Tillersville, February 27, 1865.

We have half a mile of bridging to build before we can get across this Lynch’s creek, the rains have swollen it so much. Our 6th Iowa foragers we thought captured are all right. They got across this creek before the freshet and it cut them off. The 97th Indiana men are gone up. All of the 20 killed or captured but 3; 11 dead Rebels were found on their little battle field, so the report comes from General Corse, I understand. The Rebels are losing, I should think, about 3 or 4 men to our one, but they are showing more manhood than those who opposed our march in Georgia. It isn’t the “militia,” for the 360 prisoners our corps have taken within four days surrendered without firing a shot. They were S. C. chivalry, proper. The men who are most active on their side, I think, belong to Butler’s or Hampton’s command from the Potomac. They are cavalry and don’t amount to anything as far as infantry is concerned, but only think they venture a little closer than Wheeler does. (You are expected to emit a sarcastic ha! ha!! and remark: “They don’t know Sherman’s army as well as Wheeler does.”) They say we can’t cross here until the water falls, and as there is an excellent prospect for more rain, we are thinking of building cabins in which to pass the rainy season. All our wounded are doing excellently. The surgeons say that the wounded do much better being transported in ambulances than in stationary hospitals. They escape the foul air is the main reason.

February 27.—Our hospitals have taken another exodus, and gone back to Georgia. We have all become real cosmopolites.

The surgeons of the Foard and the chaplain spent the evening with us. They spoke highly of Gainesville, and said there was plenty of all kinds of food there, but they suffered for want of wood, as they had no teams to haul it. The winter so far has been a very severe one. We have all suffered from the cold, and clothing of all kinds is scarce. We have given nearly every thing in the way of bed-clothing to the soldiers, and at night the only way we keep warm is by heaping on us the piano and table covers, and in many instances all kinds of clothing. Many have cut up their carpets for blankets for the soldiers.

Mrs. W. has been confined to her bed ever since we came back, and is unable to go to the hospital. I have tried to get a lady to take her place, but in vain. I am half inclined not to go myself, and would not were our cause less gloomy.

Dr. de Yampert sent a gentleman to escort Mrs. W. and myself on the journey; but I have let him return without me, as I thought I might prevail on some lady to accompany me. And we are more independent traveling by ourselves than we have ever been, as the men are nearly all in the service. There is a lady in the hospital already, so I will have some company.

It has been hard work to move the hospitals this time, as the weather has been so very cold. Many of the hospitals have been encamped on our wharves for weeks, and ladies with them. It is useless to think of going to hotels now; a person must be rolling in wealth to even stay a few days at one.

I intend leaving to-morrow, and it is with a sad heart, as God alone knows what may be the fate of Mobile ere many days have elapsed; for it is no feint this time. The enemy means something now; of that all are confident.

As I walk along, every brick and paving-stone is sacred; I never thought Mobile was half so pretty as it is now. My brother is still here, but I have not the least idea that we will be able to hold Mobile; so he, along with the rest of the army, will be sent out.

It is rumored that General Johnston has gone after Sherman. That despoiler is laying the whole country in his track a perfect waste. He has marched through Georgia with his invincible army, and they encountered perils of all kinds in defenseless old age, women, and children. But that kind of warfare seems to suit these chivalrous knights, and one they are certain to triumph in.

The very name of Sherman brings up woe and desolation before us. The beautiful city of Columbia, South Carolina, has been laid in ruins by him and his hirelings. Bands of marauders, black and white, are sent through the country to do their worst on the helpless inhabitants.

We are told that he warned some ladies who were coming South, from one of the towns in Georgia, not to go to South Carolina, as there he did not intend being so lenient as he had been in Georgia. He has made his threat good, and poor South Carolina has indeed been scourged.

This was done because they say she was a sinner above all the rest. She committed the unpardonable offense of being the first to leave the “best government the world ever saw.” But there is a day of reckoning for the evil-doer. “Lord, how long shall the wicked triumph, and all the workers of iniquity boast themselves! They slay the widow and the stranger, and murder the fatherless.”

Monday, 27th—The day was clear and pleasant. About midnight last night our regiment was detailed to tear down an old mill to get material for the engineers with the pontoniers to build a bridge across the Big Lynches creek. We worked till 4 a. m., when we came in for a rest. This morning we took the advance again with the teams and worked all day in building corduroy to help the artillery and wagons across. When one layer of logs would go under in the mud, we had to put on another till all the teams had passed over. Our division got across late in the evening and went into camp about a mile beyond the creek.

Chattanooga, Monday, Feb. 27. A pleasant day, quite hot midday. Sergeant Hutchinson and twelve men gone to Mission Ridge to chop timber for quarters. The remainder of the Company clearing off our new camping ground most of the day. I was exempted, being on guard. One hundred and twenty new sabres for the guards and a load of quartermaster and ordnance stores drawn. Griff having sold our sugar, it falls upon me to invest it in bread to lengthen our rations. Lieutenant Sweet gave an order on Sanitary Commission for ten rations which I obtained at six cents per ration, cheap, plenty of bread now. No mail for me. Troubled considerably with rheumatism.

27th. Reveille at 3 A. M. Moved at 6. Moved through Winchester. Formed several times in crossing streams, etc. Seemed good to see Gen. Sheridan along on his black horse. Halted many times. Went into camp at 10 P. M. Very good rest. Woodstock. 28th. Reveille at 4 A. M. Brigade moved out in advance at 6. Waited at the Shenandoah for the pontoons to come up. Most of our brigade forded. One 3rd N. J. man drowned. Our regt. did nicely. Camped at Lacey’s Springs.

February 27th.—Bright and windy. The Virginia Assembly has passed resolutions instructing the Senators to vote for the negro troops bill—so Mr. Hunter must obey or resign.

It is authoritatively announced in the papers that Gen. J. E. Johnston has taken command of the army in front of Sherman (a perilous undertaking), superseding Beauregard.

Grant is said to be massing his troops on our right, to precipitate them upon the South Side Railroad. Has Hill marched his corps away to North Carolina? If so, Richmond is in very great danger.

The Examiner to-day labors to show that the evacuation of Richmond would be fatal to the cause The Sentinel says it has authority for saying that Richmond will not be given up. “Man proposes—God disposes.” It is rumored that Fayetteville, N. C., has fallen into the hands of the enemy.

I saw Col. Northrop, late Commissary-General, to-day. He looks down, dark, and dissatisfied. Lee’s army eats without him. I see nothing of Lieut.-Col. Ruffin. He always looks down and darkly. Gen. Breckinridge seems to have his heart in the cause— not his soul in his pocket, like most of his predecessors.

I saw Admiral Buchanan to-day, limping a little. He says the enemy tried to shoot away his legs to keep him from dancing at his granddaughter’s wedding, but won’t succeed.

Robert Tyler told me that it was feared Governor Brown, and probably Stephens and Toombs, were sowing disaffection among the Georgia troops, hoping to get them out of the army; but that if faction can be kept down thirty days, our cause would assume a new phase. He thinks Breckinridge will make a successful Secretary.

The President and Gen. Lee were out at Camp Lee to-day, urging the returned soldiers (from captivity) to forego the usual furlough and enter upon the spring campaign now about to begin. The other day, when the President made a speech to them, he was often interrupted by cries of “furlough!”

The ladies in the Treasury Department are ordered to Lynchburg, whither the process of manufacturing Confederate States notes is to be transferred.

A committee of the Virginia Assembly waited on the President on Saturday, who told them it was no part of his intention to evacuate Richmond. But some construed his words as equivocal. Tobacco, cotton, etc. are leaving the city daily. The city is in danger.

February—The smallpox is frightful. There is not a day that at least twenty men are taken out dead. Cold is no name for the weather now. They have given most of us Yankee overcoats, but have cut the skirts off. The reason of this is that the skirts are long and if they left them on we might pass out as Yankee soldiers.