Following the American Civil War Sesquicentennial with day by day writings of the time, currently 1863.

February 2014

Huntsville, Sunday, Feb. 28. Fine pleasant day. Attended church with Cousin Griffith. Went to the Presbyterian church. A sermon fraught with Southern principles. Services in camp this afternoon by Chaplain of 7th Iowa. P. B. Moss, after a short illness, died very suddenly at 2 P. M. It was wholly unexpected by all, and spread gloom over all the camp.

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Huntsville, Monday, Feb. 29. Rained very heavily all night and continued through the day without interruption.

10 A. M. the funeral ceremonies of Moss took place. The procession in charge of Sergeant Hood, his former commander. Sixth piece in the lead followed by the caisson on which the coffin was placed, the hind chests taken off. The Company marched after it in column of detachments, his own Platoon in front, officers in the rear. Mounted in this way the procession marched about two miles passing through town. The roads very bad indeed. Formed hollow square at the grave. Chaplain offered a short prayer before the burial. It was a solemn but tearless scene, comrades paying the last tribute of respect to a fellow soldier, leaving his remains among the honored dead of Huntsville, over whose head no marble slab and carved obelisk was reared in memoriam, but to him a rude head-board was all that told of his resting place. What a consolation to the bereaved mother in Wisconsin to see the place where he lay.

Mustered for January and February pay by Lt. T. R. Hood.

Secesh Ladies.

Feb. 29. Most of the residents in town are women and small children, and a few old men. Of course the colored people are with us always. All the men being away, makes society for the Indies a little one-sided. At the evacuation most of the women remained here to take care of their property, and there are very few empty houses. These ladies pretend to have a great contempt for Yankees, but still they don’t appear to have quite enough to prevent their talking or chatting with us. On sunny days they may be seen at the windows or on the verandas, and a passing soldier who touches his cap in a respectful manner will perhaps get an invitation to call. If he conducts himself with propriety and is agreeable, they will ask him to be seated or perhaps ask him into the house, and on leaving, if he happens to suit them, they will invite him to call again, but some of them are not always so agreeable that a second call is desirable. These ladies pride themselves on being the regular F. F. V’s, and have a great pride of birth and ancestry; they will sit by the hour and talk and boast of it. They claim to be the real thoroughbreds and can trace their lineage in a direct line right straight back to William and Mary.

One day, while a party of them were talking that kind of nonsense and making right smart of fun of the mixed Yankee race, I said: “So far as anything that I know to the contrary that may all be as you say, but if appearances go for anything one would naturally conclude that some of the colored people about here might boast that some of William’s and Mary’s blood coursed through their veins.” That seemed to bring a sort of coldness over the meetin’, and I began to suspect that I had seriously offended, but they soon rallied and the conversation drifted into other and more agreeable channels.

.Some of the ladies are very agreeable conversationalists when they converse on something besides politics and secession, but what they say does not disturb me. I rather enjoy it, and have the fun of laughing at them. One day, in company with a party of them, they were having right smart of fun, laughing and making sport of the Yankees. I kept my end up as well as I could against such odds until they tired of it, when they switched off into secession and the war. On a table lay a small Confederate flag which one of them took up, and flaunting it around asked me how I liked the looks of it, remarking that it would finally triumph. I said that was no novelty to me, I had had the honor of helping capture quite a number of those things, “That does not represent anything, ladies; if you take any pleasure in keeping that little flag to look at occasionally as a curiosity, I presume there is no one who has the slightest objection, but be sure of one thing, you will never again see it floating in the breeze in this town.”

One replied: “You seem to feel pretty secure in your holding here, but it would not take a large force of our troops to set you Yankees scampering towards Fortress Monroe.”

“I know, but whatever force it might take, your people don’t care to pay the cost of retaking it. Your people have too many other jobs on hand at present, and a good prospect of having more to take much trouble about this place, besides it is of no use to them anyway and but very little use to us.”

Some of the women here seem to think it a mark of loyalty to their cause to exhibit all the contempt they can towards the Yankees. I fell in with a party of that kind one afternoon out in the churchyard. I sometimes go in there and spend an hour looking around and scraping the moss off those ancient stones to find names and dates, and I have found some that date back into the 17th century. In this yard are some 20 or 30 mounds beneath which sleep the Confederate dead, killed in the battle here or brought from other fields; at any rate they are here and the mounds are kept covered with flowers and evergreens. One day while looking around there a party of women entered, bringing wreaths of evergreen and commenced decorating those graves. I approached to within a respectful distance and watched them perform their sad rites of love and affection. When they had finished one of them, pointing at me, addressed me in this beautiful language: “But for you, you vile, miserable Yankees, these brave men would now be adorning their homes.”

Not knowing exactly whether they would or not, or just how much of an adornment they would have been, I deemed the most fitting reply to that crazed woman was dignified silence.

by John Beauchamp Jones

            FEBRUARY 28TH —Bright, cool, and dusty. No war news; nor denial or confirmation of the wonderful victory of Forrest in Mississippi. That he captured the enemy’s artillery and drove them back, is official.

            Longstreet has retired from before Knoxville; perhaps to assault Nashville, or to penetrate Kentucky.

            Yesterday the Secretary ordered Col. Northrop to allow full rations of meal to the engineer corps; to-day he returns the order, saying: “There is not sufficient transportation for full rations to the troops in the field.”

            Last night the Secretary sent for Mr. Ould, exchange agent, and it is thought an exchange of prisoners will be effected, and with Butler. A confidential communication may have been received from Butler, who is a politician, and it may be that he has offered secret inducements, etc. He would like to establish a trade with us for tobacco, as he did for cotton and sugar when he was in New Orleans. No doubt some of the high officials at Washington would wink at it for a share of the profits.

            The Southern Express Company (Yankee) has made an arrangement with the Quartermaster-General to transport private contributions of supplies to the army—anything to monopolize the railroads, and make private fortunes. Well, “all’s well that ends well,” —and our armies may be forced to forage on the enemy.

            I copy this advertisement from a morning paper:

            “NOTICE.—Owing to the heavy advance of feed, we are compelled to charge the following rates for boarding horses on and after the 1st of March:

            Board per month……………………………………….$300.00
                       ” day……………….…………………………….15.00
            Single feed………..………………………………….5.00

            Virginia Stables.                                            JAMES C. JOHNSON,
W. H. SUTHERLAND,
B. W. GREEN.”        

            Congress and the President parted at the adjournment in bad temper. It is true everything was passed by Congress asked for by the Executive as necessary in the present exigency—a new military bill, putting into the service several hundred thousand more men, comprising the entire male population between the ages of 17 and 50; the tax and currency bills, calculated to realize $600,000,000 or $800,000,000; and the suspension of the writ of habeas corpus. These were conceded, say the members, for the sake of the country, and not as concessions to the Executive. But the Commissary-General’s nomination, and hundreds of others, were not sent into the Senate, in derogation of the Constitution; and hundreds that were sent in, have not been acted on by the Senate, and such officers now act in violation of the Constitution.

            Dill’s Government Bakery, Clay Street, is now in flames—supposed to be the work of an incendiary. Loss not likely to be heavy.

February 28.—General Custer, with a body of National cavalry left headquarters at Culpeper Court-House, Va., to cooperate with the force under General Kilpatrick, in his expedition to Richmond, Va.— (Doc. 133.)

—Three blockade-runners were captured in Brazos River, Texas, by the United States steamer Penobscot.—Colonel Richardson, the noted rebel guerrilla, was captured at a point below Rushville, south of the Cumberland River.—A detachment of the Seventh Tennessee cavalry, which left Union City yesterday in pursuit of guerrillas, just before daylight this morning came up with a squad of rebels at Dukedom, about fifteen miles from Union City, and dispersed them; captured one prisoner, four horses, four revolvers, one carbine, and some of the clothing of the entire party.—General Judson Kilpatrick, in command of a considerable body of National cavalry, left Stevensburgh, Va., for the purpose of surprising the city of Richmond, and releasing the Union prisoners there.—(Doc. 134.)

February 29.—Major-General Fred. Steele, from his headquarters at Little Rock, issued an address to the people of Arkansas, announcing the initiation of proceedings for the restoration of the civil law, and the establishment of order throughout the State.—The schooner Rebel, while attempting to run the blockade, was captured by the National bark Roebuck, off Indian River, Florida.—The rebel schooners Stingray and John Douglass, when off Velasco, Texas, were captured by the Union gunboat Penobscot

—The schooners Camilla and Cassie Holt, laden with cotton, were captured by the National vessel Virginia, off San Luis Pass.

February 27. — Brigadier-General James H. Carleton sent the following to the National headquarters, from his post at Santo Fe, New-Mexico: “What with the Navajos I have captured and those who have surrendered, we have now over three thousand, and will, without doubt, soon have the whole tribe. I do not believe they number now much over five thousand, all told. You have doubtless seen the last of the Navajo war; a war that has been continued with but few intermissions for the past one hundred and eighty years; and which, during that time, has been marked by every shade of atrocity, brutality, and ferocity which can be imagined, or which can be found in the annals of conflicts between our own and the aboriginal race. I beg to congratulate you, and the country at large, on the prospect that this formidable band of robbers and murderers have at last been made to succumb.

“To Colonel Christopher Carson, First cavalry New-Mexican volunteers, Captain Asa B. Carey, United States army, and the officers and men who have served in the Navajo campaign, the credit for these successes is mainly due.

“The untiring labors of Major John C. McFerran, United States army, the chief quartermaster of the department, who has kept the troops in that distant region supplied in spite of the most discouraging obstacles and difficulties—not the least of these the sudden dashes upon trains and herds in so long a line of communication—deserves the special notice of the War Department” •

—The United States bark Roebuck captured the British sloop Nina, in Indian River, Florida.—An expedition from the United States steamer Tahoma destroyed some important rebel salt-works, situated on Goose Greek, Florida.— (Doc. 90.)

Saturday, 27th—We remained here in camp all day. A number of foraging parties were sent out and some of them were captured by the rebels, and so did not have the privilege of enjoying their booty with their comrades. Canton is a very nice little place, and our army did not destroy the town because so many of the citizens remained in their homes.

27th. Folks returned from Cleveland. Called at Mrs. Hudson’s. F. not at home. Visited a little while at Tutor Fairchild’s. Read Charlie’s last letter. Good time.

[Diary] Saturday, February 27,1864.

I was in the midst of baking to-day when Mr. Saxton and Louise Kellogg came in. Mr. Saxton came to make the welcome announcement that a homoeopathic physician had come down and is to be established on Ladies Island. I am too glad. No more such heavy responsibility for me, no more looking around for help and finding none, no more fear of getting poisoned if I get ill. It is happiness and safety combined.

Saturday February 27th 1864

The day has been beautiful as could be wished and the streets have swarmed with ladies. The country is getting considerably excited upon the question of the “succession” to the Presidency. Mr Lincoln seems to have the “inside tract,” but he will find a good deal of opposition in the Republican party. A Strong section are talking of bringing out Mr S. P. Chase, Sec’y of the Treasury. He has managed the finances of the Country with consumate ability and is very popular. If he succeeds in giving to the Country a Uniform Currency by the banishment of State Bank bills He will deserve the everlasting gratitude of the people. There is a report tonight that our forces in Florida have been repulsed with heavy loss and have fallen back to Jacksonville. No particular news from other sections of the army.

Camp Fourth Texas Regiment,
February 27th, 1864.

Know All Whom It May Concern:
That this certificate is freely given to Mr. John C. West, Confederate States District Attorney, Western District of Texas, as a testimonial of my appreciation of his services as a soldier while a member of my company, and to his character as a gentleman and a true patriot.

Mr. West entered the military service while constitutionally exempt and holding a position of comfort and ease, which would have shielded him permanently from conscription, and this, too, at a time when the dangers of battle and hardships to be endured had become comparatively familiar to our people, thus showing that he faced calmly and deliberately terrors upon which others had rushed through enthusiasm and excitement. He has conducted himself as a true and faithful soldier on every occasion, having never shirked a duty or missed a roll call from his company.

In taking his discharge from the army, he is but acting upon the earnest and matured counsel of friends who believe that his services will be more valuable to his family and country in the capacity of a civil officer than as a soldier in the ranks.

It is proper to add that this certificate is given without solicitation and at my own suggestion, being moved by the consideration that Mr. West has acted in a manner singularly uncommon and unselfish, and deserving special notice from those who admire true patriotism and self-sacrificing devotion to our country’s cause. And while I am glad to see him return to his family and friends in Texas, where he can administer to their comfort and necessities, I deeply regret the loss of his company in camp-life and his example as a soldier.

T. J. Selman,

Captain Commanding Company E.,
Fourth Texas Regiment.

I fully concur in the above account of Mr. West, and with pleasure annex my signature.

Ed. Tilly,

Second Lieutenant Company E., Fourth Texas Regiment.