Following the American Civil War Sesquicentennial with day by day writings of the time, currently 1863.

Kate Cumming: A Journal of Hospital Life in the Confederate Army of Tennessee.

May 4.—Mr. A. W. Davis died yesterday. He was a member of the Twenty-fifth Alabama Regiment; was sick a long time, and died perfectly happy.

Mr. McCullough also died yesterday of consumption. He was here a long time, and bore his sufferings with a great deal of fortitude. He died a Christian—he has no relations except a brother and sister, who live in Hardin County, Kentucky. He requested me to see that his captain got his silver watch and money, and have them sent to his brother and sister. He was a member of the Sixth Kentucky Regiment. Some time ago I sent a message to some of the officers from that regiment about him, and they immediately called and kindly offered to assist him in any way.

We are still very busy. We have almost every thing to buy ourselves. We pay two dollars per gallon for sweet milk; one dollar for buttermilk; eggs, one dollar per dozen; butter, one fifty per pound; coffee, five dollars.

April 28.—One of my patients, by the name of Lee, has just died; was a member of the Thirty-third Alabama Regiment. His wife lives in Butler County, Alabama. He was out of his mind previous to his death.

A number of wounded Federals were brought in a few days ago.

April 23.—There is a report that there is fighting at the front.

We have numbers of the Thirty-sixth and Thirty-eighth Alabama Regiments very sick. I suppose the sickness is caused by the change in coming so far south. Lieutenant Robinson, of Mobile, has been to call on some of his men.

I have received a letter from a friend in Mobile, requesting me to buy some dry goods and children’s shoes for her. There is not a pair of the latter in the whole place. Calico is three dollars and fifty cents per yard, and white domestic four.

April 13.—There has been a skirmish at the front, and a battle is expected there daily. I have just been looking at loads of wounded coming in.

There are numbers dying in our hospital every day, and scarcely any note is taken of them.

At home, when a member of a family is about to go to his last resting-place, loving friends are around the couch of the sufferer, and by kind words and acts rob King Death of half his terrors, and smooth the pathway to the valley and shadow of death. But here a man near dissolution is usually in a ward with perhaps twenty more. To wait on that number a single nurse keeps vigil. He knows the man will likely die during the night, but he can not spend time by his bedside, as others need his care. The ward is dimly lighted, as candles are scarce; the patient is perhaps in a dark corner; the death-rattle is heard; when that ceases the nurse knows that all is over. He then wakes some of the other nurses up, and in the silent hour of night these men prepare their comrade for the tomb, and bear him to the dead-house. The surgeon, when going his rounds the next morning, is not at all startled when he finds an empty bunk where the evening before was one occupied. He knows without asking what has become of the inmate, and that “somebody’s darling” has gone to his long home. It is sad to see so many dying with no kindred near them to soothe their last moments and close their eyes. What a sacred duty is here left undone by our women! I do not say that all are guilty of this neglect, for I know there are many good women who have their home duties to attend to, and others who have not strength physically; but how many are there, at this moment, who do not know how to pass their time—rich, refined, intellectual, and will I say Christian? They are so called, and I have no doubt would be much shocked were they called any thing else, and yet they not only neglect this Christian and sacred duty, but look on it as beneath them. How can we expect to succeed when there is such a gross disregard of our Savior’s own words, “In that ye did it unto the least of these, ye did it unto me?”

And what an opportunity this is to exercise the greatest of all Christian virtues— charity? Yet it is not charity in the sense in which it is commonly used, but a sacred duty we owe to our own people and country; practicing which has made the most uncouth seem lovely, and the beauteous more beautiful.

 

“No radiant pearl which crested fortune wears,

No gem that sparkling hangs from beauteous cars,

Not the bright stars which night’s blue arch adorn,

Nor rising sun that gilds the vernal morn,

Shines with such luster as the tears that break

For other’s woos down virtue’s lovely cheek.”

 

O, that the women of the South may wake from their dream ere it is too late; when remorse will bring in retrospect before them, as it did in “that awful dream,”

 

Each pleading look, that long ago

I scanned with heedless eye;

Each face was gazing as plainly there

As when I passed it by;

Woe, woe for me, if the past should be

Thus present when I die.”

April 12.—My arm is fast getting better; I have put nothing on it but cold water, I believe that is a cure for almost every thing.

Mrs. W. is very busy, and goes about all the time in the wards.

Dr. Hunter has left for his home, in Mississippi, to bring his wife here. Dr. Patterson of Tennessee is now in charge. He is a perfect gentleman, and we are all much pleased with him.

I have been looking at some men working. I do not think that any of our negroes ever worked as hard. Our firewood is brought in in large logs. We have no saws, so the men have to cut it. There is one man now chopping away, who I am told is worth his thousands. He is dressed in grey homespun, and seems as much at home as if he had always been accustomed to that life. War is a great leveler, and makes philosophers of us, when nothing else will. It astonishes me to see how the men adapt themselves to circumstances. The men in the kitchen act as if that was their place, and always had been. I saw one of them receive a letter, this morning, from his wife, and as he read about her and his little ones the tears trickled down his cheeks. They were manly ones, and will never disgrace the bravest and best.

April 6.—Have met with a serious accident; I had the “blues” (that is what being discontented is called), and wished I had a book (Longfellow’s Poems); I went to Mrs. Henderson’s to try to procure it; while there one of the largest dogs I have ever seen jumped at me, and caught the elbow of my left arm in his mouth; I made sure from the crunch he made that the bone was broken. I was very much frightened, and believe, if a negro woman and Mrs. R.’s little girl had not been there, I should have been torn to pieces. What I most regret is that I shall not be able to visit the wards for some weeks, as we have so much erysipelas about, and it flies to wounds immediately. I have known nurses to take it from a scratch.

In the evening Mrs. H. (she was out when I received the bite) and a Mrs. Major Higgins called. They sympathized with me a great deal.

Easter Sunday, April 5.—A very beautiful day. I went to the Episcopal Church in the morning; Mr. Denniston preached an excellent sermon on the text, “The Lord has arisen indeed.”

Spent the rest of the day, as usual, visiting the patients.

April 1.—William York died yesterday; he was from Williamson County, Tennessee.

A few days ago we had a man die, by the name of George Speaker; he was one of John Morgan’s squadron. He died from a wound received at Shelbyville, in this state. His captain (Goldston) was with him, and had him buried with full honors.

March 31.—James Scott, the young man of whom I spoke some time ago, has just breathed his last. After lying on his back four months, he was able to walk about; he was then taken with pneumonia; recovered from that; was taken with diphtheria; from that he also recovered; and died from the effects of erysipelas. Poor child! what a happy release from woe and suffering! His young life had been one of sorrow, but he trusted in Him who trod this vale of tears before him.

 

“Calm on the bosom of thy God,

Young spirit, rest thee now;

E’en while with us thy footsteps trod,

His seal was on thy brow.

 

Dust to its narrow house beneath,

Soul to its pluck on high;

They that have seen thy look in death,

No more may fear to die.

 

Lone are the paths and sad the bowers

Whence thy meek smile is gone;

But O, a brighter home than ours,

In heaven, is now thine own.”

 

May God bless his poor widowed and childless mother! I believe this is the third son she has lost in this fratricidal conflict. I did not know any of the others, but trust they died with the same hope and faith this one has; if so, she will weep more in joy than sorrow, for they have only passed the portals of death a little while before her, that it may not be so dark and drear to her, since her loved ones have passed through.

Dr. Hopping took as much care of him as though he had been his own brother, and he had procured his discharge from the army. The nurses were also kind; they could not have been otherwise, for it was a great pleasure to wait on him; he was so meek and uncomplaining. He was a member of the Forty-first Alabama Regiment, and from Fayette County, Alabama.

March 26.—Moses Compton has just died; he was a member of the First Alabama Regiment . I have written to his father, in Blount County, Alabama, and sent a lock of his son’s hair, which I always do when I can.

I have only put the names down here of those to whom I have paid the most attention. I take no note of those whom Mrs. W. attends, nor of any who have special friends here.