Following the American Civil War Sesquicentennial with day by day writings of the time, currently 1863.

Tuesday, January 8, 2013

305

A correspondent thus describes the funeral of a soldier on one of the main regiments at sea:
”Imagine a crowded transport steamer homeward bound from the war, with her human freight of sick and wounded, of officers returning on leave for a brief respite from Southern miasma and camp toil, of poor, enfeebled man dragging themselves home to die.
”The lamps are lit in the long upper saloon. Though the vessel heaves and strains in the wild, angry sea, they shine pleasantly on the little groups which surround the card tables, gather round some veteran storyteller, or chat eagerly as they anticipate, in imagination, their safe arrival and welcome home. All seems bright and cheerful. There is a little stir, a sudden interruption, a poor soldier, himself an invalid, as his sunken cheeks and hollow yet brilliant eyes but too clearly indicate, enters and asks eagerly for physician – his comrade is dying. A little party, of whom the writer is one, detach themselves from the light and noisy gaiety of the comfortable upper cabin and go down into the hold which is been roughly fitted up for human habitation. It reeks with smells; it is dimly lighted by swinging lanterns, which rock to and fro, keeping time, pendulum-like, to the roll of the sea.
”This sounds with salute the ear are in keeping with the same. Here a smothered groan, an impatient murmur, a weary sigh, the heavy monotonous clang of the ever moving machinery, mingle strangely with the dull swash of waves as they glide by, or break angrily beneath our counter, making mournful music. The man lead us on to the darkest, dreariest corner. He passes by a miserable bunk, where, upon a blanket, with his knapsack for a pillow, like something that, in the dim, uncertain light, takes human shape and form.
’Bring a lantern here,’ says the doctor. A light which had hitherto hung against the distant bulkhead, is brought. It reveals a filthy, foul-smelling resting-place, on which lies stretched a young soldier, yet in the agonies of dissolution. The rattle is already in his throat. I take the cold hand in mine, the pulse just flutters – that is all– the extremities are already chill in death. He swallows a little stimulant, but in the lingering disease (chronic diarrhea) has already done it’s wasting work. His comrade leans over and strives to rouse him. He shouts ‘Charlie! Charlie!’ But the words follow upon an ear already deaf to all earthly sounds.
”I think to myself how many times has he heard that name in his far-off New England home, from a mother’s, a sister’s, it may be yet dearer lips. And now the broad chest heaves convulsively, the face is distorted and drawn in its death agony. The eyes are opened and closed again. They will look no more upon the sunlight; they are sealed, to open up on the resurrection. There is a shudder, a contraction and expansion of the lambs, the jaw drops, a ghastly hue overspreads the face – the man is dead; a soul drifts out upon the stormy wind, on its way to God alone knows whither – a unit is removed from the sum of human existence – a Union soldier, who died as patriotically as though he has fallen upon some hard-won field, has gone to his long account.
”And what a death! No one to weep over the clay; the stiffing hand held in a stranger’s grasp; the attenuated corpse rolling to and fro with each motion of the angry waves over which we ride, as it lies waiting for the speedy burial which already hastened corruption renders necessary. The body is borne forward and placed between decks. It is sewn into the camp-worn, travel stained blanket. An hour or two relapses. The chaplain and officers are called. We gather round a strange, mysterious bundle, whose rigid lines and mummy-like shape indicate what is concealed within. Every brow is bared, every utterance hushed, as the corpse, stretched upon a board and covered with the flag he died to serve, is carried to the gangway. Then come the solemn words with which the Episcopal church commits the body to the deep, ‘to be turned into corruption, looking for the general resurrection of the dead and the life of the world to come.’ The lanterns throw their sick sickly gleam upon the funeral rites, upon martial forms, upon the bareheaded semen, waiting to perform the last offices which mortals can render to mortality. The stars shine without, the gloomy sea heaves and tosses, the waves lift up their white fingered hands, as if pleading for their prey. There is a pause, a lifting of the shrouded clay, a dull, heavy splash, and the vessel staggers on and leaves the corpse, to lie weighted down beneath the sea into drift with the tide.
”I turn away, and go sadly back to muse over the strange burial I have witnessed. A hand touches my shoulders, I turn around. The sick soldier who had shouted ‘Charlie!’ in the dead man’s ear hands me the ‘descriptive list,’ which he has taken from the pocket of the deceased. I carry it to the light, and read, ‘Charles Myrick, of Co. A, Capt. Perry, 8th regt. Maine Volunteers, enlisted August 23, 1861, at Lowell, Maine, age 21 years.”

(Published in Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper, February 7, 1863.)

by John Beauchamp Jones

JANUARY 8TH.—Gen. French writes that the enemy at Suffolk and Newbern amounted to 45,000; and this force now threatens Weldon and Wilmington, and we have not more than 14,000 to oppose them. With generalship that should suffice.

All the Virginia conscripts are ordered to Gen. Wise, under Major-Gen. Elzey. The conscripts from other States are to be taken to Gen. Lee. If the winter should allow a continuance of active operations, and the enemy should continue to press us, we might be driven nearly to the wall. We must help ourselves all we can, and, besides, invoke the aid of Almighty God!

We have nothing fresh from Bragg—nothing from Vicksburg—and that is bad news.

I like Gen. Rains. He comes in and sits with me every day. Col. Lay is the active business man of the bureau. The general is engaged in some experiments to increase the efficiency of small arms.

He is very affable and communicative. He says he never witnessed more sanguinary fighting than at the battle of the Seven Pines, where his brigade retrieved the fortunes of the day; for at one time it was lost. He was also at Yorktown and Williamsburg; and he cannot yet cease condemning the giving up of the Peninsula, Norfolk, etc. Gen. Johnston did that, backed by Randolph and Mallory.

W e have all been mistaken in the number of troops sent to the rescue of North Carolina; but four or five regiments, perhaps 3000 men, have gone thither from Virginia. A letter from Gen. Lee, dated the 5th inst., says he has not half as many men as Burnside, and cannot spare any. He thinks North Carolina, her-self, will be able to expel the Federals, who probably meditate only a marauding expedition. And he supposes Bragg’s splendid victory (what did be suppose the next day?) may arrest the in-roads of the enemy everywhere for a season. At this moment I do not believe we have 200,000 men in the field against 800,000! But what of that, after seeing Lee beat 150,000 with only 20,000 in action! True, it was an ambuscade.

January 8th, 1863.—Cousin Sam Donelson came last night. I have not seen him since the summer of 1859 and I would never have known him. Instead of a slender, pale boy, he is a splendid looking man. He is on Uncle Daniel’s staff, with the rank of Lieutenant.

Aunt Margaret left her home at the beginning of hostilities in the West. She had the farm wagons packed with belongings of the negroes and they walked behind and drove a herd of fine cattle uncle Daniel had raised. Old Aunt Purdy rode one saddle horse and Grace another and so on, until all the numerous riding nags were safely on the road and all the old and feeble negroes had a means of transportation. It is a wonder they got away but she managed to locate them in middle Georgia, where they are still waiting for the war to be over.

Cousin Sam is young and daring, he is having a good time in the main and he doesn’t care how long it lasts. He says Uncle Daniel has grown thin; they are pleased, as, indeed, we all are, at his promotion to be a Major-General. I am sure he deserves it. I love him dearly. He was so good to me when Father was so ill at his home in Tennessee.

January 8.—A fight took place at Springfield, Mo., between the Union forces under Brigadier General Brown, and a numerically superior force of rebels under General Marmaduke, resulting, after a contest of more than ten hours’ duration, in a retreat of the latter. The loss was nearly equal on both sides.—(Doc. 98.)

—Yesterday a large reconnoitring force of Union troops, under the command of Major Wm. P. Hall, embarked at Yorktown, Va., on board the fleet of gunboats and transports, under the command of Captain F. A. Parker, and arrived at West-Point, at the junction of the Pamunkey and Mattapony Rivers, early this morning. Thence they proceeded to Lanesville, where they captured a wagon-train, consisting of contraband goods, en route for Richmond, consisting of gutta-percha, block-tin, paints, medicines, shek-lac, and ordnance stores. Leaving a strong picket-guard at Lanesville, they next proceeded to Indian Town, where they found two wagons loaded with meal, awaiting ferriage to White House, and destined for Richmond. After destroying these, with the telegraph, and seizing the mail, they crossed the Pamunkey to White House, where they destroyed by fire the ferry-boat, two sloops laden with grain, two barges, four pontoon-boats, the steamer Lottie Maynard, a store-house, containing over one thousand bushels of wheat, a large quantity of commissary stores, etc The torch was next applied to the railroad depot, containing a large amount of freight for Richmond, the tank, the rolling stock, signal station, sutlers’ buildings, and stores. The force remained until the demolition was complete, when, the object of the reconnoissance having been accomplished, they returned to Yorktown, having sustained no loss whatever during the expedition.—Official Report.

—Captain Moore, of the Twentieth Illinois cavalry, this morning at sunrise, made a sudden descent upon the camp of Lieutenant-Colonel Dawson’s rebel command, near Ripley, Tenn., and dispersed the occupants, killing eight, wounding twenty, and capturing forty-six prisoners, among whom were one major, two captains, and one lieutenant. He also seized twenty horses, and one wagon-load of arms. Dawson’s party had been engaged for many weeks burning all the cotton that could be found in that part of the country. Captain Moore did not lose a man, and had only three wounded.— Wolverine Citizen.

—The English sloop Julia was captured near Jupiter Inlet, Fla. — General Mansfield Lovell was dismissed from the service of the rebels for incapacity.—The steamer Mussulman was burned by guerrillas at Bradley’s Landing, ten miles above Memphis, Tenn.—General Pemberton, in command of the rebel forces at Vicksburgh, issued an order expressing his high appreciation of their “recent gallant defence” of that position.— The rebel steamer Tropic, formerly the Huntress, of Charleston, S. C, while attempting to run the blockade, was destroyed by fire. Her passengers were saved by the boats of the National gunboat Quaker City.

Buntyn Station, Thursday, Jan. 8. News reached us of a glorious victory at Murfreesboro by General Rosecrans. Rec’d hay for horses. E. Morrill formerly of Sauk City, now of 23rd Wisconsin Regiment stayed with us.