Following the American Civil War Sesquicentennial with day by day writings of the time, currently 1863.

Saturday, October 12, 2013

October 12, Monday. At Seward’s yesterday with Lord Lyons and Admiral Milne to dine. Miss Cushman, the actress, who is visiting at Seward’s, was present. I took her to dinner.

The city is full of rumors of fighting, and of Meade’s falling back. Much is probably trash for the Pennsylvania and Ohio elections, which take place to-morrow. Still I am prepared for almost any news but good news from the front. Cannot expect very good news from Meade’s command. He would obey orders and faithfully carry out the plans of a superior mind, but there is no one here more capable than himself, to plan, to advise, to consult. It will not surprise me if he is outgeneraled by Lee.

Monday, 12th—I went out this evening and staid all night with Mr. Cannon, at Mr. Smith’s.

12th. Up at an early hour, breakfast and then move on. Again took the advance. Reached Jonesboro. Rebels passed last night in great hurry. 2nd Batt. passed through Jonesboro and went on scout to Johnson’s Station. Rebels left three hours before. One rebel deserter, W. S. Davenport, thinks of joining Co. A. Smart fellow from N. C. Reached J. about dark and went into camp.

Glendale, Monday, Oct. 12. Very pleasant day and health good. Went to graze at 10 A. M., returned at 12. We grazed in the middle of the wood. The grass is dry and withered, but better than nothing. One from Wisconsin would be surprised to find the season so far advanced, if he were to come here. The corn is yellow and the leaves are sear and dead, and everything looks much later than it usually does in Wisconsin. But the change here is slower and it gradually falls into a healthy old age, while there everything is green in the evening and next morning blighted by the bitter frost. With proper culture in intelligent hands, vegetation of all kinds can be brought to a higher degree of perfection here than there. But instead of finding extensive fields waving with clover and rich with beauty, we find but small worn-out patches with deadened trees, standing as a monument of the enterprising race that has so long inhabited these parts—ignorance and slavery.

Monday, 12th.—Very sick to-day. Haven’t eaten anything for four days. Ordered to hospital. Came to Ringgold instead of going to hospital; went to Cousin D. A. Lowry’s and sent word for Brother A. N. Magill to come over for me, which he did.

October 12— This morning General Stuart’s and Fitzhugh Lee’s cavalry started on a flank movement up the Rappahannock and around through Warrenton. The first section of our battery, with about two hundred cavalrymen of the Fifth Virginia Regiment under Colonel Rosser, were ordered to the Barbour house to serve and play as a sort of feint to detain, try, and deceive, and hold the Yankee cavalry in our front and on this side of the Rappahannock as long as possible, and until they get ready to look for General Stuart in their rear.

Our ruse business at the Barbour house played very well until about three o’clock this afternoon, when the Yanks discovered the hollowness of our pretensions and advanced on us in force and cleaned us off of the hill in short order and in double-quick style.

When they first came in range of our guns we fired some three or four rounds at them, but they meant business and refused to be checked by a few shell, but threw their heads down into the notch of stubborn determination and came on. We limbered up and left the hill in double-quick time and for about two miles we fell back about as fast as horse artillery can travel under extraordinary and emergent circumstances with a rear pressure under full steam.

After we had retired about two miles we unlimbered our guns and fired a few shell into a railroad cut through which the pursuing Yankee horsemen were approaching, but they saw how few men we had to oppose them and still refused to be checked by a few shell, but maneuveringly advanced on our position and compelled us to renew our retiring schedule, running about on the same time as we did before.

When we arrived within about two miles of Culpeper Court House in our precipitate retreat, we were reinforced by Colonel Young, of Georgia, with a regiment of cavalry and five pieces of artillery. Colonel Young is a doughty and courteous commander and a valiant and gallant fighter. When we arrived at his position he had his artillery in battery and his cavalry in line ready for action. As we were nearing his line, which was drawn up along the crest of a low ridge, we passed through a strong line of dismounted sharpshooters that were posted and rather concealed along a row of cedar bushes that extended across the field at right angles to the road, and about three hundred yards in advance of his artillery.

As we passed through the line of sharpshooters I heard some of the men exclaim: “Let the Yanks come; we are ready for them.” It was but a few moments after we passed the waiting line of riflemen until the Yankee cavalry that pursued us some five or six miles came in sight, and soon afterwards in range of the sharpshooters’ rifles, who opened a steady fire on the van of the approaching enemy. The fire at first was slow, but like the big drops of rain that skirmish for an approaching thunder-storm, merge into the incessant roar of the descending shower, so the slow fire of the sharpshooters soon changed into the roll of a young battle, with booming cannon on both sides. The enemy put one or two batteries in position and opened a rapid fire on our line, to which we quickly replied with seven guns, and for a while the artillery fire was fierce and the roar of the guns almost drowned the sharp crash of small arms. Colonel Young’s men fought well, and gallantly withstood the onslaught and repulsed our pursuers at last.

At dusk the Yankee fire began to slacken, and soon after ceased altogether, and the foe fell back toward the Rappahannock. We remained on the field in position about an hour after the firing ceased, and until everything in front had quieted down to peaceful silence; then we struck out for the Hazel River. We marched until way into the night. Camped to-night at Rickseyville, near the Hazel, about six miles north of Culpeper Court House.

October 12th, 1863.

We left Knoxville at 9 a. m. of Saturday and arrived -within ten miles of Greenville about sundown. The hills and valleys were covered with troops, those in front in line of battle. Artillery and musketry could be heard about two miles in front, and we were told there had been skirmishing in front nearly all day. It was nearly dark, and our brigade, being in front, we marched about half a mile and encamped for the night. Before it was fairly light the next morning we joined our brigade, which was in the extreme front, supporting a battery. Every preparation had been made for a “big fight,” and our boys awaited the attack with eager anticipation. Skirmishers were thrown out to ascertain the position of their infantry, that our batteries might open the ball by a salute at sunrise. Our skirmishers soon returned—they had found no enemy. Instantly away dashed a regiment of cavalry in hot pursuit, followed by the First Division—the Seventeenth in advance. We did some fast marching for about two hours, when we halted for two mounted brigades to pass. Here we learned the Rebels passed through Greenville about daylight, and were some ten miles ahead, making the best time possible. But Foster’s cavalry had been sent around to intercept them should they retreat.

He was expected to cross the river at a ferry fifteen miles above Greenville and intercept them in a ravine about five miles beyond. But the ferry boats had been destroyed, and he was compelled to go several miles to a ford, which caused so much delay he did not arrive in time. We followed several miles and gave up the pursuit.

Monday, 12th—We remained here in bivouac all day, and shall probably continue at this place several days. Our brigade was sent here to relieve the Third Brigade of General Tuttle’s expedition toward Jackson, Mississippi. It turned very warm today. It is raining this evening, and we have no tents in which to stay.

October 12.—The hospital is filled with wounded—the very worst which were on the battle-field. There was a raid expected, and they had to be taken off in a hurry. They were put on the train about three or four days ago, and have had little to eat; and many of them have not had their wounds dressed during that time. One of our nurses told me he had never seen wounded in such a state before, and says that many will be certain to die.

A man, Mr. Groover, is wounded through both knees, and his back is full of bedsores, caused from lying on a hard bunk made of branches of trees. He lay in one position on his back, from the time he was put on the train until he was taken off. The train was filled with slop and dirt of all kinds, and he had to lie in the midst of it. He is only one of many others who had to do likewise. On going into the ward the same sad spectacle greets us. One of our southern poets has drawn a picture only too faithfully of the scene in nearly all. Its vividness struck me so forcibly that I insert it:

 

A Call To The Hospital.

 

Fold away all your bright-tinted dresses,

Turn the key on your jewels to-day,

And the wealth of your tendril-like tresses

Braid back in a serious way.

No more delicate gloves, no more laces,

No more trifling in boudoir or bower;

But come, with your souls in your faces,

To meet the stern wants of the hour!

 

Look around by the torch-light unsteady—

The dead and the dying seem one;

What! trembling and paling already,

Before your dear mission’s begun?

These wounds are more precious than ghastly—

Time presses her lips to each scar;

While she chants of that glory which vastly

Transcends all the horrors of war.

 

Pause here by the bedside; how mellow

The light showers down on that brow!

Such a brave, brawny visage! Poor fellow!

Some homestead is missing him now;

Some wife shades her eyes in the clearing;

Some mother sits moaning, distress’d;

While the loved one lies faint, but unfearing,

With the enemy’s ball in his breast.

 

Here’s another: a lad—a mere stripling—

Picked up on the field almost dead,

With the blood through his sunny hair rippling

From a horrible gash in the head.

They say he was first in the action;

Gay-hearted, quick-handed, and witty;

He fought till he dropped with exhaustion

In the front of our fair southern city.

 

Fought and fell ‘neath the guns of that city,

With a spirit transcending his years;

Lift him up in your large-hearted pity,

And wet his pale lips with your tears.

Touch him gently—most sacred the duty

Of dressing that poor, shattered hand!

God spare him to rise in his beauty

And battle once more for his land!

 

Who groaned? What a passionate murmur!

“In thy mercy, O God! let me die!”

Ha! surgeon, your hand must be firmer,

That musket-ball’s broken his thigh.

Turn the light on those poor, furrow’d features,

Gray-haired and unknown!—bless the brother.

O Heaven! that one of thy creatures

Should e’er work such woe on another!

 

Wipe the sweat from his brow with your kerchief;

Let the old tattered collar go wide!

See—he stretches out blindly to search if

The surgeon still stands by his side.

“My son’s over yonder—he’s wounded—

O, this ball that has entered my thigh!”

And again he burst out, all atremble,

“In thy mercy, O God! let me die!”

 

Pass on; it is useless to linger

While others are claiming your care;

There is need for your delicate finger,

For your womanly sympathy there.

There are sick ones athirst for caressing,

There are dying ones raving of home,

There are wounds to be bound with a blessing,

And shrouds to make ready for some.

 

They have gathered about you the harvest

Of death in its ghastliest view;

The nearest as well as the farthest

Is here with the traitor and true.

And crowned with your beautiful patience,

Made sunny with the love at the heart,

You must balsam the wounds of a nation,

Nor falter nor shrink from your part.

 

Up and down through the wards, where the fever

Stalks noisome, and gaunt, and impure

You must go with your steadfast endeavor

To comfort, to counsel, to cure.

I grant you the task’s superhuman,

But strength will be given to you

To do for these dear ones what woman

Alone in her pity can do.

 

And the lips of the mothers will bless you

As angels sweet-visaged and pale!

And the little ones run to caress you,

And the wives and sisters cry “Hail!”

But e’en if you drop down unheeded,

What matter? God’s ways are the best;

You have poured out your life where ’twas needed,

And he will take care of the rest.

 

I have just received a letter from my brother, dated the 8th inst. He says the army has been in line of battle ever since the late battle, and are waiting for the enemy to make the attack.

We had two deaths this past week—one named Roberts, who was wounded at the late battle; his wife lives in Macon County, Georgia; the other is named Jesse Ferrell, from Thomas County, Georgia. He has been here since we first came.

October 12th. 11 A. M. The division marched to the river, recrossed, and formed in line of battle on its north side; the Third and Sixth corps also formed in line. The enemy followed us, demonstrating in a threatening manner, so a cavalry force, supported by infantry, advanced and hustled them back in fine style to Brandy Station, giving them more fight than they expected. After dark the division bivouacked for the night, but at 1 A.M. received orders to fall back on Auburn Mills. It seems the enemy are trying their utmost to get in rear of us, hence the necessity for prompt action. All the troops on the north side of the river rapidly crossed over, and the bridges were taken up. Our division marched out on the Fayettsville road, halting at its junction with the road running to Sulphur Springs for rest at noon. The enemy showed himself in force on both flanks, as well as rear, and we were frequently obliged to stop and drive him back; the very head of the column, a brigade of the Third division, was fired into by a squadron of cavalry, so it is necessary to keep the trains surrounded by troops, and everything well in hand; arrived near Auburn Mills at sunset after a weary march of over twenty hours, and bivouacked alongside the road in the woods, the troops being too fatigued to form in regular order and the general thinking it just as well to occupy the road.

A few hundred yards ahead the road descends a ravine near the mill, crosses the small stream, and mounts a very steep hill. Pickets were thrown out surrounding the entire force, but we did not look for any serious disturbance during the night.

As soon as arms were stacked the troops prepared their supper, and soon afterwards were asleep. For once the general and staff slept right amongst the men for safety; as the enemy were apparently ubiquitous, the general thought this a case where discretion was the better part of valor.

About 10 P. M. it commenced raining, soaking us pretty well before we realized the condition of things; when once awake, however, we soon arranged our rubber blankets for shelter and then turned in again.