Following the American Civil War Sesquicentennial with day by day writings of the time, currently 1863.

Monday, July 16, 2012

Hilton Head, S.C., July 16, 1862

McClellan’s reverses fell on us with sufficient weight here and 10,000 of our troops are being hurried to the north, destroying all chance of operations here and leaving only artillery to hold these points. For artillery and cavalry they say they do not need, so our poor regiment seems likely to go into garrison duty in the midst of active war, and that too when all the operations of the war in Virginia indicate the vital necessity of good cavalry and this regiment is here considered the best in our volunteer service. However personal considerations don’t amount to much and I want to discuss the news and its effects. How do you look at this terrible fighting in Virginia? Not, I mean, in a military or even immediate point of view, but in its remote bearing on our country’s future? For myself I must confess I begin to be frightened. The questions of the future seem to me too great for us to grapple with successfully and I have really begun to fear anarchy and disorganisation for years to come. If we succeed in our attempt at subjugation, I see only an immense territory and a savage and ignorant populace to be held down by force, the enigma of slavery to be settled by us somehow, right or wrong, and, most dangerous of all, a spirit of blind, revengeful fanaticism in the North, of which Sumner has come in my mind to be typical, which, utterly deficient in practical wisdom, will, if it can, force our country into any position — be it bankrupt, despotic, anarchical, or what not — in its blind efforts to destroy slavery and the South. These men, and they will always in troublous times obtain temporary supreme control, will bankrupt the nation, jeopard all liberty by immense standing armies, debauch the morality of the nation by war, and undermine all our republican foundations to effect the immediate destruction of the one institution of slavery. Do you not think that this is so? . . .

Wednesday, 16th—Our regiment went out on picket. I went on camp guard.

Camp Green Meadows, July 16, 1862. Wednesday. — A warm, beautiful day. The men busy building shades (bowers or arbors) over their streets and tents, cleaning out the springs, and arranging troughs for watering horses, washing, and bathing. The water is excellent and abundant.

I read “Waverley,” finishing it. The affection of Flora McIvor for her brother and its return is touching; they were orphans. And oh, this is the anniversary of the death of my dear sister Fanny — six years ago! I have thought of her today as I read Scott’s fine description, but till now it did not occur to me that this was the sad day. Time has softened the pain. How she would have suffered during this agonizing war! Perhaps it was best — but what a loss!

16th. Wednesday. Boys returned from Fort Gibson, no enemy there. Enemy four miles below on the south side of the Arkansas, at Fort Davis. Expecting artillery. Boys rested.

JULY 16TH.—Gen. Lee is hurrying up reinforcements from the South, old regiments and conscripts, and pays very little attention to McClellan on the Peninsula, knowing no further enterprises will be attempted by the enemy in that quarter for some time to come.

USS Galena, James River, 1862

From Wikipedia:

USS Galena — an ironclad screw steamer — was one of the first three ironclads, each of a different design, built by the Union Navy during the American Civil War.

She had an unconventional armor plating arrangement which proved ineffective. Designed by famed naval architect Samuel Hartt Pook, her keel was laid down by H. L. and C. S. Bushnell of Mystic, Connecticut. She was launched on 14 February 1862, and commissioned on 21 April 1862, Commander Alfred Taylor in command.

On 6 July, Commodore Charles Wilkes was ordered to command the James River Flotilla — Galena included — as an independent division of the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron. With gunboats of the flotilla, Galena afforded protection to the daily movement of army transports and supply ships along the James River from Harrison’s Bay to the mouth of the Chickahominy River, giving the indispensable protection that left the Confederate troops without ability to move effectively against McClellan’s Army of the Potomac along the James River.

Galena was detached from the James River Flotilla in September 1862 and assigned picket duty at Hampton Roads and Newport News, Virginia until 21 May 1863, when she arrived at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and was decommissioned for repairs. Her ineffective iron plating — which had been badly damaged in the action at Drewry’s Bluff — was stripped off, and she was overhauled to operate as a wooden-hulled ship.

 

From Library of Congress:

Photographed by James F. Gibson.

Photographs of the Federal Navy, and seaborne expeditions against the Atlantic Coast of the Confederacy

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA

Record page for image: http://www.loc.gov/pictures/collection/cwp/item/cwp2003001323/PP/

Wednesday, July 16, 1862. (Under a tree on the bank of Steele’s Bayou.)—Early this morning our boat was taken out of the Mississippi and put on Mr. Fetler’s ox-cart. After breakfast we followed on foot. The walk in the woods was so delightful that all were disappointed when a silvery gleam through the trees showed the bayou sweeping along, full to the banks, with dense forest trees almost meeting over it. The boat was launched, calked, and reloaded, and we were off again. Towards noon the sound of distant cannon began to echo around, probably from Vicksburg again. About the same time we began to encounter rafts. To get around them required us to push through brush so thick that we had to lie down in the boat. The banks were steep and the land on each side a bog. About 1 o’clock we reached this clear space with dry shelving banks and disembarked to eat lunch. To our surprise a neatly dressed woman came tripping down the declivity bringing a basket. She said she lived above and had seen our boat. Her husband was in the army, and we were the first white people she had talked to for a long while. She offered some corn-meal pound-cake and beer, and as she climbed back told us to “look out for the rapids.” H. is putting the boat in order for our start and says she is waving good-bye from the bluff above.

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Note: To protect Mrs. Miller’s job as a teacher in New Orleans, the diary was published anonymously, edited by G. W. Cable, names were changed and initials were often used instead of full names — and even the initials differed from the real person’s initials.

July 16. [Mobile] —We have just received news of the death of Milton Boullmett, eldest son of a particular friend. He was wounded at the battle of Malvern Hill, and died soon after.

The late battles around Richmond have caused Alabama to sit down in sackcloth and ashes, to mourn, like King David, for the loss of many a gallant son. She had at least seven regiments in the field—Third, Fourth, Sixth, Eighth, Ninth, Eleventh, and Twelfth. The men of the Third, Eighth, and Twelfth were nearly all from Mobile. I have mentioned the Eighth at the battle of Seven Pines, and how severely it suffered there. It has lost nearly all its remnant in their recent engagement.

The Third was in both, and I see, from a letter in this morning’s paper, from Colonel Battle, that at Seven Pines General Longstreet ordered the name of that battle to be inscribed on its colors, for the bravery which the regiment exhibited there. Colonel Lomax, who was in command at that time, was killed. Six color-bearers were shot down, one after another.

Among the fallen are the flower of the youth of Mobile. William Treat, the color-bearer, fell clasping the colors. Charles Keeler is killed; he is one of two brothers who have already died in the service. Tyler Redwood is mortally wounded; one of three in one family who have died in the service. G. T. Summersill is another of a trio of brothers who have shared the same fate. Wm. Stewart, Barklow, H. S. Lockwood, W. N. Caufield, Wm. Jones, W. I. Ledyard, T. Lenseine, O. Cuthbert, and many, many others.

This gallant regiment was composed of nearly all our volunteer companies, and many times, have we all assembled, in the happy days of yore, when camping and soldiering were looked on as a grand frolic, and danced, and partaken of their generous hospitality. The fathers of many of the young men who now compose these companies had been members of them for years. I believe they were the first Alabamians who tendered their services to the Confederate government.

Milton Boullmett, but a few years ago, was an officer, along with my brother, in a boy’s company, the “Mobile Blues.” I think I see his handsome face yet, at a party we gave them on a Fourth of July. All of the volunteer military companies had left the city on excursions. A young lady tried to quiz them; she told them the ladies of Mobile tendered them their heartfelt thanks for remaining to protect them in case of the city being attacked by an enemy. One of them answered her, that he thought if the ladies depended on them for protection, they would fare badly. She told him he did not compliment his company. He answered, that “truth was before compliment.” We little thought then that the life of nearly every boy in that company would be offered up in our defense.

Nearly every state in the Confederacy has to mourn, as Alabama does, over the loss of their bravest and best. The banks of the Chickahominy are now sacred, washed by the blood of martyrs. May their blood prove a talisman to keep back the foe from ever desecrating it with their unhallowed tread!

  

       "O, thy soft-rolling flood, Chickahominy River,

            In thy flowing disturbeth my inmost soul;

      All unlike is thy gliding, so calm, to the horrors

            Of carnage and bloodshed that round thee did roll.

  

      If thy tale could be told, Chickahominy River;

            Of the heart-rending pangs of the young and the brave;

      Of the husband and father, whose soul, in departing,

            Wrung with agony, prayed for a home in the grave.

  

      And yet this is not all, Chickahominy River;

            The sad hearts that are breaking are far from thy shore;

      But their slain they have left thee, in trust, to thy keeping—

            Chickahominy River, take care of thy store.

  

      Let thy banks guard them well, Chickahominy River;

            Let the dust of the hero lie calmly at rest,

      Till the trump of the dead shall awake them to glory,

            Immortal to live in the realms of the blest."

  

Mrs. Judge Hopkins of this place is attending to the wounded. We hear much about the good she is doing; for which she has the blessings of all.

The state of Alabama has appropriated thirty thousand dollars for the benefit of her wounded; out of it ten thousand dollars have been given to Mrs. H. Mr. Titcomb and others have gone from here with supplies of all kinds, and we are told that the people in dear old Virginia are doing all in their power to benefit the sufferers.

It is rumored that Bragg’s army is leaving Mississippi and going to East Tennessee. There is also a report that General Hindman has gained a victory in Arkansas, and has captured Curtis’s whole army.

July 16.—The United States War Department received from William H. Aspinwall, of New York, a present of his check for twenty-five thousand two hundred and ninety dollars and sixty cents, as his share of profit on a contract for arms purchased by Howland & Aspinwall, and sold to the Government. The Secretary of War ordered “that the check be transferred to the Secretary of the Treasury, and that the thanks of the Department be rendered to Mr. Aspinwall for the proof he has furnished of the disinterested and patriotic spirit that animates the citizens of the United States in the present contest against treason and rebellion, giving assurance that a government supported by citizens who thus prefer the public welfare to their private gain, must overcome its enemies.”

—Gen. Halleck, on retiring from the command of the army of the Mississippi, issued an address to the troops, expressing his high appreciation of the endurance, bravery, and soldierly conduct which they had exhibited on all occasions during the campaign.

—The British schooner Agnes was captured off Abaco Island, by the United States steamer Huntsville, commanded by Lieut. Rogers.—Official Report.

—Governor Pierpont, of Virginia, issued a proclamation calling upon the people to furnish the State’s quota of troops, under the call of President Lincoln for three hundred thousand men. To aid the work, he desired the Senators and members of the House of Delegates to act as agents in procuring volunteers in their respective districts.

—Yesterday John B. Clarke, of the rebel Senate, addressed a letter to G. W. Randolph, the rebel Secretary of War, inquiring whether the “Partisan Rangers” were to be considered as belonging to the rebel army, and whether the rebel government would not claim for them the same treatment as prisoners which was exacted for prisoners of war; and to-day the Secretary replied that partisan rangers were a part of the provisional army of the States in rebellion, and were subject to all the regulations adopted for its government, and entitled to the same protection as prisoners of war.—(See Supplement.)